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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 82: e0037, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449771

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar alterações de aberrometria de alta ordem em diferentes graus de ceratocone. Métodos Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, observacional. Foram analisados 54 pacientes (108 olhos) diagnosticados com ceratocone pelo mesmo especialista em córnea por meio dos critérios ABCD de Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia, utilizando-se o tomógrafo Pentacam® HR 70900 (Oculus Wetzlar, Alemanha). Além disso, foram feitas análises qualitativa e quantitativa das aberrações de alta ordem desses mesmos pacientes por meio do OPD-Scan III-NIDEK. Resultados Por meio da avaliação de ambos os olhos dos pacientes com os critérios de Belin-Ambrósio, constatou-se presença de ceratocone em 34 pacientes. Ademais, por meio da análise estatística, constatou-se relação direta entre a asfericidade posterior e o desenvolvimento do ceratocone, com p<0,001 (referência: p<0,05). Por meio da análise do OPD-Scan III-NIDEK, as principais aberrações de alta ordem encontradas nos pacientes com ceratocone foram coma, trefoil e aberração esférica. Conclusão O raio da curvatura posterior é a primeira variável a se alterar com o desenvolvimento do ceratocone, o que se faz perceptível na análise da asfericidade posterior por meio o Pentacam®. Além disso, a alteração da paquimetria e da asfericidade posterior influencia diretamente o desenvolvimento de aberrações de alta ordem em pacientes com ceratocone.


ABSTRACT Objective To identify higher order aberrometry changes in different degrees of keratoconus. Methods Cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study. Fifty-four patients (108 eyes) diagnosed with keratoconus by the same corneal specialist using the Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia ABCD criteria were analyzed, using the Pentacam® HR 70900 tomograph (Oculus Wetzlar, Germany). In addition, qualitative and quantitative analysis of higher order aberrations in these patients was performed using the OPD-Scan III-NIDEK. Results Through the evaluation of both eyes of the patients according to the criteria of Benin Ambrósio, the presence of KCN was verified in 34 patients. Furthermore, through statistical analysis, a direct relationship was found between posterior asphericity and the development of KCN; p<0.001 (reference: p<0.05). Through the analysis of the OPD scan, the main higher order aberrations found in patients with KCN were Coma, Trefoil and Spherical Aberration (AE). Conclusion The posterior curvature radius is the first variable to change with the development of the KCN, which is noticeable in the analysis of posterior asphericity in Pentacam. In addition, alterations in pachymetry and posterior asphericity directly influence the development of higher order aberrations in patients with KCN.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aberrometry/methods , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Visual Acuity , Medical Records , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Dilatation, Pathologic , Corneal Pachymetry , Observational Study
2.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(2): 107-110, Mar.-Apr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280108

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a contagem endotelial da córnea em pacientes com ceratocone (KCN) por microscopia especular e correlacionar com o estágio do ceratocone. Métodos: Noventa e três olhos de 61 pacientes com KCN foram incluídos neste estudo transversal. Os olhos foram classificados nos estágios 1 a 4 de KCN de acordo com a classificação de Amsler-Krumeich utilizando ceratometria obtida pela topografia de córnea e leituras de paquimetria obtidas pela microscopia especular. Resultados: A idade variou de 12 a 43 anos, média ± (desvio padrão) 22,1 ± 6,7 anos. A ceratometria média variou de 42,25 a 71,4 D (53,0 ± 6,1 D). A paquimetria variou de 350 a 606 µm, (461,7 ± 47,1 µm). Em relação a classificação, 23 pacientes (24,7%) apresentavam estágio 1, 24 (25,8%) estágio 2, 5 (6,5%) estágio 3 e 41 pacientes (44,1%) estágio 4. Não foi observada correlação linear entre ceratometria média e contagem de células endoteliais (Coeficiente de correlação de Pearson = -0,05). Nos estágios iniciais a moderados de KCN, a média da contagem de células endoteliais foi 2738,3 ± 285,4 cel/mm2, enquanto no grupo de KCN avançado (estágios 3 e 4) foi 2670,6 ± 262,7 cel/mm2, p= 0,24. Conclusões: Não há correlação entre a contagem de células endoteliais e o estágio do KCN.


ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the corneal endothelial count in patients with keratoconus (KCN) by specular microscopy and correlate with the stage of keratoconus. Methods: Ninety-three eyes from 61 patients with KCN were included in this cross-sectional study. The eyes were classified into KCN stages 1 to 4 according to the Amsler-Krumeich classification using keratometry obtained by corneal topography and pachymetry readings obtained by specular microscopy. Results: Age ranged from 12 to 43 years, mean ± (standard deviation) 22.1 ± 6.7 years. The average keratometry ranged from 42.25 to 71.4 D, (53.0 ± 6.1 D). Pachymetry ranged from 350 to 606 µm, (461.7 ± 47.1 µm). Regarding the Amsler classification, 23 patients (24.7%) had stage 1, 24 (25.8%) stage 2, 5 (6.5%) stage 3 and 41 patients (44.1%) stage 4. No linear correlation was observed between mean keratometry and endothelial cell count (Pearson's correlation coefficient = -0.05). In the early to moderate stages of KCN, the mean endothelial cell count was 2738.3 ± 285.4 cell / mm2, while in the advanced KCN group (stages 3 and 4) it was 2670.6 ± 262.7 cell / mm2 , p = 0.24. Conclusions: No correlation was found between the endothelial cell count and the KCN stage.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Endothelial Cells , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Microscopy , Endothelium, Corneal , Cell Count , Cross-Sectional Studies , Corneal Topography , Corneal Pachymetry
3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(2): 136-139, Mar.-Apr. 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280110

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT We report a case of two twins for whom advanced keratoconus is present in one of the siblings and no clear sign of the disease could be found for the other.


RESUMO Relatamos um caso de dois gêmeos em que o ceratocone avançado está presente em um dos irmãos e nenhum sinal da doença foi encontrado no outro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Twins , Tomography , Visual Acuity , Corneal Diseases/diagnosis , Corneal Topography , Keratoconus/genetics
4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(1): 49-55, jan.-fev. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251312

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivos: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico, clínico, evolução e desfechos dos pacientes com ceratocone diagnosticados no serviço de referência oftalmológica do estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Métodos: Foram analisados retrospectivamente os prontuários de todos os pacientes com ceratocone do setor de córnea do Hospital Regional de São José, entre Janeiro de 2016 e dezembro de 2018. Os seguintes dados foram extraídos: sexo, idade, estágio da doença, doenças sistêmicas, sintomas oftalmológicos, adaptação de lentes de contato, tratamentos prévios, melhor acuidade visual monocular, medidas ceratométricas, condutas oftalmológicas, desfechos clínicos. Resultados: Os prontuários de 267 pacientes foram avaliados. A média de idade foi de 23 anos (intervalo: 06 - 60 anos), 159 (59,55%) eram do sexo masculino. 12 (4,49%) pacientes já haviam realizado ceratoplastia penetrante; 22 (8,24%) haviam realizado crosslinking; 07 (2,62%) já possuíam implante de anel intraestromal. 81 (30,34%) pacientes já haviam adaptado lentes de contato. 168 (62,92%) possuíam acuidade visual corrigida, do melhor olho, igual ou superior a 20/40. Encontrou-se uma distribuição entre casos leves, moderados e graves de: 03 (1,12%), 78 (29,21%), 157 (58,80%), respectivamente. Ao longo do período, efetivaram-se 51 (73,9%) transplantes de córnea, 09 (90,0%) implantes de anel intraestromal, 35 (32,4%) crosslinking, 22 (23,4%) adaptações de lentes de contato; 205 (76,77%) pacientes perderam seguimento, 12 (4,49%) receberam alta. Conclusão: Os pacientes são em sua maioria jovens, com doença moderada a grave, e boa acuidade visual no melhor olho. Ainda assim, muitos receberam indicação de tratamento cirúrgico. A perda de seguimento clínico constitui um fator importante na qualidade da assistência oftalmológica desta população.


ABSTRACT Objectives: To describe the epidemiological and clinical profile, evolution and outcomes of keratoconus patients diagnosed in the ophthalmologic reference service of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Methods: The medical records of all patients with keratoconus attended at the Cornea service of the Regional Hospital of São José, between January 2016 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The following data were extracted: sex, age, disease stage, systemic diseases, ophthalmological symptoms, adaptation of contact lenses, previous treatments, best monocular visual acuity, keratometric measurements, ophthalmological procedures, clinical outcomes. Results: The medical records of 267 patients were analyzed. The average age was 23 years (range: 06 - 60 years), 159 (59.55%) were male. 12 (4.49%) patients had already performed penetrating keratoplasty; 22 (8.24%) had performed crosslinking; 07 (2.62%) had already an intrastromal ring implant. 81 (30.34%) patients had already adapted contact lenses. 168 (62.92%) had best corrected visual acuity, of the better eye, equal to or greater than 20/40. A distribution between cases was found light, moderate and severe of: 03 (1.12%), 78 (29.21%), 157 (58.80%), respectively. Throughout the period, a total of 51 (73,9%) corneal transplants, were performed 09 (90,0%) intrastromal ring implants, 35 (32,4%) crosslinking, 22 (23,4%) contact lens adaptations were performed; 205 (76.77%) patients lost follow-up, 12 (4.49%) were discharged. Conclusion: The patients are mostly young, with moderate to severe illness and good visual acuity in the best eye. Even so many received a surgical management. The loss of clinical follow-up is an important factor in the quality of ophthalmic care in this population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Tertiary Care Centers , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Keratoconus/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Observational Study
5.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(1): 71-76, jan.-fev. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1251315

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O artigo tem como objetivo descrever de forma prospectiva diferentes casos de ectasias altamente assimétricas (very asymmetric ectasia, VAE) para diferenciar formas subclínicas ou "frustas" do ceratocone (forme fruste keratoconus - FFKC) de casos de doença ectásica unilateral. O Caso 1 é um paciente de 39 anos, que admitiu ter coçado intensamente apenas o olho direito (OD) na juventude, se apresentando com ectasia unilateral tratada com sucesso por meio de implante de anel intraestromal em OD. O olho esquerdo (OE) apresentou-se normal ao exame completo por meio de propedêutica multimodal e acuidade visual não corrigida (AVsc) de 20/20, estável por mais de 5 anos, com TBI (tomography and biomechanical index) de 0.02. No Caso 2 é um paciente de 15 anos com ectasia clínica em OD, e OE com topografia normal, mas alterações tomográficas e biomecânicas, incluindo o TBI 0,56, caracterizarando a doença subclínica (FFKC). O Caso 3 é a mãe do paciente do Caso 2, de 46 anos, que se apresentou com presbiopia, sem qualquer histórico oftalmológico relevante. A AVsc foi de 20/20 em cada olho, topografia de Placido com leve encurvamento inferior, mas sem sinais definitivos de ectasia. A avaliação biomecânica e tomográfica revelou sinais de ceratocone em ambos os olhos, com TBI de 1,0 e 0,99. Esses três casos estão de acordo com a definição do consenso global e a hipótese de dois acertos (two-hit hypothesis), que ceratocone é uma doença bilateral, mas ectasia pode ocorrer por causa estritamente mecânica unilateralmente (ou em qualquer olho). A relevância da propedêutica multimodal é destacada, destacando-se a integração do estudo biomecânico e tomográfico com imagens de Scheimpflug.


ABSTRACT The article aims to prospectively describe different cases of highly asymmetric ectasia (very asymmetric ectasia, VAE) to differentiate subclinical or "frustrated" forms of keratoconus (forme fruste keratoconus - FFKC) from cases of unilateral ectatic disease. Case 1 is a 39-year-old patient with unilateral ectasia treated with an intrastromal ring implant. The contralateral eye was normal due to multimodal propaedeutics, stable for more than 3 years, with a TBI of 0.02. The patient admitted to having intensely scratched only his right eye in his youth. In Case 2, a 15-year-old patient with clinical ectasia in the right eye, had a left eye with normal topography and tomographic and biomechanical changes characterizing FFKC. Case 3 is the mother of the case 2 patient, aged 46, who presented with presbyopia, without any relevant ophthalmological history. Uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20 in each eye, Placido topography with slight lower curving, but without definitive signs of ectasia. The biomechanical and tomographic evaluation revealed signs of keratoconus in both eyes. These three cases are in accordance with the definition of the global consensus: keratoconus is a bilateral disease, but ectasia can occur because of strictly mechanical unilateral (in any eye). The relevance of multimodal refractive imaging is highlighted, with a focus on integrating biomechanical and tomographic assessments with Scheimpflug images.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Biomechanical Phenomena , Tomography/methods , Corneal Topography/methods , Dilatation, Pathologic , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Epidemiology, Descriptive
6.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 84(1): 17-21, Jan.-Feb. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153101

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the severity and laterality of keratoconus according to allergic rhinitis, scratching and sleeping habits, and manual dexterity. Methods: Objective assessments regarding allergic rhinitis, eye itching, and slee­ping position among patients with keratoconus (diagnosed based on corneal tomography) were conducted. Diagnostic criteria and classification were based on the Amsler-Krumeich classification. Results: Ocular pruritus was reported by 29 of 34 participants (85.29%). Eighteen participants (62.07%) reported equal scratching of both eyes, six (20.69%) more on the right eye, and five (17.24%) more on the left eye. Comparison of the main sleeping position and the eye with more severe presentation of the disease using Fisher's exact test revealed some correlations (0.567 and 0.568 in the right and left eye, respectively). However, these correlations were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The association between higher keratometry values and sleeping position appears to be more significant than that reported between keratometry and itching, or manual dexterity.


RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar a gravidade e a lateralidade do ceratocone de acordo com a rinite alérgica, os hábitos de coçar e dormir e a destreza manual. Métodos: Foram realizadas questões objetivas sobre rinite alérgica, prurido ocular e posi­ção do sono em pacientes com ceratocone, diagnosticados com base na tomografia corneana. Esses exames foram analisados e classificados de acordo com a classificação de Amsler-Krumeich. Resultados: O prurido ocular foi referido por 29 (85,29%) dos 34 voluntários. Dezoito sujeitos (62,07%) relataram coçar ambos os olhos igualmente, 6 (20,69%) mais no olho direito e 5 (17,24%) mais no olho esquerdo. Comparando-se a posição de dormir principal e o olhos com apresentação mais grave da doença, foi encontrada alguma relação baseada no teste exato de Fisher (0,567 no olho direito e 0,568 no olho esquerdo), embora nenhuma comparação parecesse estatisticamente significante. Conclusões: A associação entre maiores valores de ceratometria e posição do sono parece ser mais importante do que entre ceratometria e prurido ou destreza manual.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cornea , Corneal Topography , Hypersensitivity , Keratoconus , Vision, Ocular , Keratoconus/diagnosis
7.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(4): e0016, 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288633

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a possibilidade de alterações precoces sugestivas de ectasia detectáveis no Pentacam em casos sutis de alergia ocular em crianças. Métodos: Análise retrospectiva de 49 prontuários, com paciente de ambos os sexos e idades entre 3 e 14 anos. Do total de crianças estudadas, 31 apresentavam alergia ocular grau 1, e 18 não apresentavam qualquer sinal ou sintoma de alergia ocular, servindo como controles. Avaliaram-se diversos índices do Pentacam. Resultados: Houve associação estatisticamente significativa nas variáveis "Df - variação do mapa da elevação anterior da córnea" e "Pentacam combinado", que podem estar relacionadas com a detecção precoce de ectasia corneana nesses pacientes. Conclusão: Houve relação causal entre a prevalência da alergia ocular e alterações tomográficas na córnea, sugestivas de ceratocone em alguns pacientes provavelmente suscetíveis, podendo ser considerado um fator de risco para essa complicação.


ABSTRACT Objective: To assess if early alterations detected by Pentacam in children suffering from mild ocular allergy are suggestive of ectasia. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 49 medical records of patients of both sexes, aged between 3 and 14 years was performed. In this sample, 31 children suffered from grade I ocular allergy, and 18 presented no signs or symptoms of ocular allergy and comprised the control group. Several Pentacam indexes were evaluated. Results: A statistically significant association was found in the variables "Df - variation of the anterior corneal elevation map" and "combined Pentacam", which can be related to the early detection of corneal ectasia in these patients. Conclusion: There was a causal relation between prevalence of ocular allergy and tomographic alterations on the cornea, suggestive of keratoconus in some probably susceptible patients, which may be considered a risk factor for this complication.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/complications , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/etiology , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Keratoconus/etiology , Keratoconus/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Corneal Topography , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological
8.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 79(6): 420-425, nov.-dez. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1156163

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sobre o diagnóstico do ceratocone, com enfoque nos métodos propedêuticos disponíveis. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa no banco de dados PubMed com as palavras chave: Keratoconus, diagnosis, topography e tomography. Por se tratar de uma revisão, não houve restrição de período para a publicação dos artigos selecionados. Foram também utilizados o manual Prefered Practice Pattern(PPP) da academia americana de oftalmologia, assim como o site "eyewiki.aao.org". Resultados: Dos 641 artigos encontrados no PubMed, assim como os usados como referência para o PPP, 36 foram selecionados por serem considerados mais relevantes para o tema proposto. O site "eyewiki.aao.org" foi utilizado como referência para as figuras. Conclusão: O diagnóstico do ceratocone evoluiu consideravelmente desde quando foi primeiramente descrito. É desejável que seja feito em suas fases precoces devido ao alto potencial de morbidade desta doença. Uma possível integração entre os múltiplos índices diagnósticos, investigação genética, biologia molecular e inteligência artificial é almejado para uma maior acurácia diagnóstica.


Abstract Objective: To Perform a review on the diagnosis of keratoconus, focusing on the available propaedeutic methods. Methods: A search was performed in the PubMed database using the key words: Keratoconus, diagnosis, topography and tomography. As it is a review, there was no restriction regarding the publication period of the selected articles. Furthermore, both the preferred practice pattern(PPP) manual of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, as well as the website "eyewiki.aao.org" were used as reference. The project was submitted to the research ethics committee of the Federal University of São Paulo / UNIFESP / SP 2018 (# 2,568,770). Results: Out of the 641 papers found in PubMed, in adition to those used as a reference for PPP, 36 were selected while considered more relevant to the adopted theme. The website "eyewiki.aao.org" was used as a reference for the images. Conclusion: The diagnosis of keratoconus has evolved considerably since it was first described. It is desirable to diagnose it on the early stages due to its high potential of morbility. A possibility of an integration between the various diagnostic indices, genetic research, molecular biology and artificial intelligence is recommended for greater diagnostic accuracy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Tomography/methods , Corneal Topography/methods , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Biomechanical Phenomena , Dilatation, Pathologic
9.
Rev. medica electron ; 42(3): 1889-1899, mayo.-jun. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1127049

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La queratoplastia penetrante ha sido el procedimiento empleado, de forma casi universal, para el tratamiento de las patologías corneales que afectan de forma irreversible a la visión. Se reportaron 4 casos clínicos de pacientes con afecciones corneales con compromiso visual severo, dado por visión de cuenta dedos y percepción luminosa. Luego de la evaluación completa en cada caso, se decidió realizar la queratoplastia penetrante con fines ópticos, con el objetivo de recuperar la transparencia de la córnea y la calidad visual. No existieron complicaciones transquirúrgicas y fueron seguidos según protocolo de evaluación postoperatoria de trasplante corneal. Los resultados y evaluación fueron satisfactorios, al año mantenían la transparencia del injerto y se logró mejoría considerable de la agudeza visual (AU).


ABSTRACT Penetrating keratoplasty has been a procedure used, almost universally, to treat corneal diseases affecting vision in an irreversible way. Four clinical cases are reported of patients with corneal affections severely compromising vision, given by short vision and luminous perception. After completely evaluating each case, the authors decided to perform the penetrant keratoplasty with optical aims, to recover cornea transparency and the vision quality. There were not transurgical complications and the patients were followed up according to the protocols of post-surgery evaluation of corneal graft. The results and evaluation were satisfactory; after a year, the transparency of the graft was maintained and visual acuity substantially improved (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Corneal Transplantation/methods , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/methods , Corneal Diseases/surgery , Ophthalmology , Vision, Ocular/physiology , Corneal Diseases/diagnosis , Corneal Perforation/surgery , Corneal Perforation/diagnosis , Keratoconus/surgery , Keratoconus/diagnosis
10.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 33(1): e829, ene.-mar. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1126718

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comparar los resultados visuales de la queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda versus la queratoplastia penetrante en el tratamiento quirúrgico del queratocono. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico longitudinal prospectivo en 81 pacientes con queratocono, operados de queratoplastia penetrante y queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda entre los años 2014 y 2018. Se evaluó la edad, el sexo, la agudeza visual corregida, la esfera, el cilindro y el equivalente esférico. Resultados: La media de edad en operados de queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda fue 27,5 ± 10,0 años, y 33,2 ± 12,9 años en operados de queratoplastia penetrante. En ambos grupos predominó el sexo masculino: 62,5 por ciento en el grupo de queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda y 63,3 por ciento en el de queratoplastia penetrante. La agudeza visual corregida poscirugía en operados de queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda fue 0,8 ± 0,19; el cilindro refractivo -3,50 ± 1,50; el equivalente esférico -6,07 ± 3,61, SimK1 de 46,37 ± 2,47 dioptrías y SimK2, 43,05 ± 2,47 dioptrías. En la queratoplastia penetrante, la agudeza visual corregida fue 0,68 ± 0,19; el cilindro refractivo -2,77 ± 0,98 dioptrías; el equivalente esférico -3,68 ± 1,56 dioptrías, SimK1 y SimK2 de 44,58 ± 2,77 dioptrías y 41,40 ± 2,93 dioptrías respectivamente. Conclusiones: Los resultados refractivos son similares en ambas técnicas quirúrgicas(AU)


ABSTRACT Objective: Compare the visual results of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty versus penetrating keratoplasty in the surgical treatment of keratoconus. Methods: A longitudinal analytical prospective study was carried out in 81 patients with keratoconus, operated of penetrating keratoplasty and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty between the years 2014 and 2018. The variables analyzed were the age, the sex, the corrected visual sharpness, the sphere, the cylinder and the spherical equivalent. Results: The average of age in operated patients of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty was 27,5 ± 10,0 years, and 33,2 ± 12,9 years in operated of penetrating keratoplasty. In both groups the masculine sex predominated: 62,5 percent in the group of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and 63,3 percent in penetrating keratoplasty. The corrected visual sharpness in operated of queratoplastia lamelar previous deep was 0,8 ± 0,19; the refractive cylinder -3,50 ± 1,50; the spherical equivalent -6,07 ± 3,61, SimK1 of 46,37 ± 2,47 dioptres and SimK2, 43,05 ± 2,47 dioptres. In the penetrating keratoplasty, the corrected visual sharpness was 0,68 ± 0,19; the refractive cylinder -2,77 ± 0,98 dioptres; the spherical equivalent -3,68 ± 1,56 dioptres, SimK1 and SimK2 of 44,58 ± 2,77 dioptres and 41,40 ± 2,93 dioptres respectively. Conclusions: The refractive results are similar in both surgical technicians(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Visual Acuity/immunology , Corneal Transplantation/methods , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/methods , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
11.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 33(1): e828, ene.-mar. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1126720

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comparar las complicaciones de la queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda y la queratoplastia penetrante en el tratamiento quirúrgico del queratocono. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico longitudinal prospectivo en 81 pacientes operados de queratoplastia con diagnóstico de queratocono. Las variables analizadas fueron el cilindro, el componente esférico, la densidad celular y las complicaciones en el pre- y en el posoperatorio. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba t de Student para la comparación de medias para datos pareados en el caso de dos valores promedios. Resultados: En el paciente operado de queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda el cilindro fue -3,50 ± 1,50; y en la queratoplastia penetrante el resultado fue de -2,77 ± 0,98. La densidad celular posoperatoria fue de 2 333,6 cel/mm2 en la queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda y de 2 269,3 cel/mm2 en la queratoplastia penetrante. En la queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda el 75 por ciento evolucionó sin complicaciones, y el 82,7 por ciento presentó queratoplastia penetrante. Las complicaciones más frecuentes para la queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda fueron la microperforación, el glaucoma secundario y el síndrome de Urretz-Zavalia (12,5 por ciento cada uno) y en la queratoplastia penetrante el rechazo endotelial (18,2 por ciento) y el defecto epitelial (9,1 por ciento). Conclusiones: En la queratoplastia lamelar anterior profunda la pérdida celular endotelial es más lenta en el primer año y las complicaciones son escasas(AU)


ABSTRACT Objetive: Compare the complications of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty in the surgical treatment of keratoconus. Methods: An analytical prospective longitudinal study was conducted of 81 patients undergoing keratoplasty and diagnosed with keratoconus. The variables analyzed were cylinder, spherical component, cell density, and preoperative and postoperative complications. Statistical analysis was based on Student's t-test for comparison of means for paired data in the event of two average values. Results: Cylinder was -3.50 ± 1.50 for deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and -2.77 ± 0.98 for penetrating keratoplasty. Postoperative cell density was 2 333.6 cell/mm2 for deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and 2 269.3 cell/mm2 for penetrating keratoplasty. 75 percent of the patients undergoing deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and 82.7 percent of those undergoing penetrating keratoplasty evolved without any complication. The most common complications were microperforation, secondary glaucoma and Urretz-Zavalia syndrome (12.5 percent each) for deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, and endothelial rejection (18.2 percent) and epithelial defect (9.1 percent) for penetrating keratoplasty. Conclusions: In deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty endothelial cell loss is slower in the first year and complications are scant(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Corneal Transplantation/adverse effects , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/adverse effects , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
12.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 78(5): 327-329, Sept.-Oct. 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042382

ABSTRACT

Abstract A 26-year-old man, single, business student, reveals a ectasic cornea during corneal topography exam. Among some procedures, the patient chose Orthokeratology to do a corneal reshape and got successfully a good visual acuity, going against the most authors guidance.


Resumo Estudante de 26 anos, masculino, estudante de economia, apresentou ao exame topográfico de córneas, ectasia corneal. Dentre todos os procedimentos apresentados, optou pela ortoceratologia para o remodelamento corneal, e obteve sucesso com melhora da acuidade visual, indo contra a orientação da maioria dos autores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Cornea/pathology , Dilatation, Pathologic/therapy , Orthokeratologic Procedures , Visual Acuity , Corneal Topography , Dilatation, Pathologic/diagnosis , Keratoconus/diagnosis
14.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 78(1): 22-26, jan.-fev. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-990789

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Na presença de uma córnea irregular, como no queratocone, o epitélio tem uma distribuição diferente do normal, "mascarando" a irregularidade do estroma. A avaliação topográfica sem considerar o efeito do epitélio pode induzir uma avaliação menos correta, afetando a precisão de um eventual tratamento guiado por topografia. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o efeito de "máscara" do epitélio no queratocone, comparando a tomografia corneana com e sem epitélio, no decurso da realização de Crosslinking (CXL). Métodos: Cinco olhos de 5 doentes com queratocone em progressão submetidos a CXL segundo o protocolo original de Dresden. Foi realizada tomografia corneana antes e durante o procedimento (imediatamente após a remoção do epitélio), e avaliados os valores da queratometria - K1, K2, K médio (Km), ponto de máxima curvatura (Kmax), valores paquimétricos e astigmatismo corneano. Resultados: Os valores médios de curvatura corneanas antes e após a remoção do epitélio foram de: K1: 43,50 ± 2,54D e 44,32±2,64D (p=0,080); K2: 46,64±2,35D e 49,38±2,86D (p=0,043); Km: 45,48±2,42D e 46,72±2,60D (p=0,042). Observou-se igualmente um aumento estatisticamente significativo do valor de queratometria máxima após a remoção do epitélio (p=0,043). Na paquimetria central observou-se uma redução média de 26,8µm de 524,8±33,0µm para 498,2±37,7µm (p= 0,042). Conclusão: Observou-se um aumento estatisticamente significativo nos valores do Kmax, K2, e Kmédio após remoção do epitélio. Este estudo demonstra o efeito de "máscara" que o epitélio exerce no queratocone.


Abstract Objective: In the presence of an irregular cornea, like in keratoconus, the corneal epithelium has a different profile "masking" the irregular corneal stroma surface. Topographical analysis without considering the epithelium effect can result in an incorrect assessment, affecting the accuracy of any topography guided treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the "masking" effect of the corneal epithelium on corneal curvature in patients with keratoconus, comparing topographical findings before and after removal of the epithelium during Crosslinking (CXL). Methods: Five eyes of 5 patients with progressive keratoconus submitted to CXL according to the original Dresden protocol. Corneal topography was performed before and during the procedure (immediately after epithelium removal) and values of keratometry: K1, K2, mean K (Km), maximum corneal apical curvature (Kmax), corneal thickness and corneal astigmatism were evaluated. Results: The average values of corneal curvature before and after epithelial remove were: K1: 43.50±2.54D and 44.32±2,64D (p=0.080); K2 46.64±2,35D and 49.38±2,86D (p=0.043); Km 45.48±2.42D and 46.72±2.60D (p=0.042). It was also observed a significant increase in the maximum values of corneal apical curvature after removal of the epithelium (p=0.043). In central corneal thickness there was seen a reduction of 26.8µm from 524.8±33.0µm to 498.2±37.7µm (p = 0.042). Conclusion: There was seen a significant increase in the values of Kmax, K2 and mean K. This study demonstrates the masking effect of corneal epithelium on corneal curvature in keratoconus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Corneal Topography , Cross-Linking Reagents , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Cornea/surgery , Epithelium/surgery
15.
Rev. medica electron ; 40(6): 2071-2082, nov.-dic. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-978718

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Se presenta un caso clínico de un varón de 27 años de edad, con una ectasia corneal y presencia de queratoglobo en ambos ojos. La manifestación clínica fue disminución lenta y progresiva de la agudeza visual en ambos ojos y dolor en el ojo izquierdo. Al examen oftalmológico se constató hidrops corneal agudo en ojo izquierdo y otras complicaciones corneales, propias de esta anomalía. Se realizó un estudio oftalmológico que permitió un diagnóstico certero. Se aplicó la terapéutica correspondiente y se sugirieron otras opciones terapéuticas (AU).


ABSTRACT We present the clinical case of a male patient, aged 27 years, with corneal ectasia and keratoglobus in both eyes. The clinical manifestation was progressive and slow decrease of the visual acuity in both eyes and pain in the left eye. At the ophthalmologic examination, acute corneal hydrops was found in the left eye, and also other complications that are proper of this anomaly. An ophthalmologic study was carried out that lead to an accurate diagnosis. The correspondent therapy was applied and several therapeutic options were suggested (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Atropine/therapeutic use , Vision Disorders , Corneal Diseases/diagnosis , Visually Impaired Persons , Corneal Perforation/prevention & control , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Visual Acuity , Corneal Topography , Eyeglasses , Keratoconus/congenital , Keratoconus/etiology , Keratoconus/drug therapy , Keratoconus/epidemiology
16.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 31(2)abr.-jun. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1508344

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: describir los factores que infuyen en la aparición del rechazo al trasplante en los pacientes operados de queratoplastia penetrante óptica, en el 1er. año de evolución. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, cuyo universo estuvo constituido por todos los pacientes operados de queratoplastia penetrante óptica en el período comprendido de enero del año 2010 a enero de 2014, quienes fueron sometidos a esta cirugía y que presentaron rechazo al trasplante en el primer año después de operados. Se determinaron los factores pre y transoperatorios, el tiempo de presentación del rechazo, las manifestaciones clínicas y la remisión con tratamiento médico. Resultados: la edad media de presentación fue de 57,34 años, predominio del sexo masculino y procedencia rural. La vascularización en el receptor tuvo mayor porcentaje de presentación, seguido por rechazo previo, afaquia, glaucoma y la utilización de trépanos > 8 mm. Los factores transoperatorios fueron la vitrectomía anterior y la pupiloplastia. La queratopatía bullosa y el leucoma posúlcera fueron los diagnósticos preoperatorios más frecuentes en los casos con rechazo. El tiempo de aparición de este varió entre 7,1 y 10,9 meses. Las manifestaciones clínicas fueron la pérdida de la agudeza visual y el dolor. La remisión del rechazo fue del 87,50 por ciento con diagnóstico preoperatorio de queratocono; 81,82 por ciento con queratopatía bullosa y 80,00 por ciento con leucoma postrauma. Conclusiones: los factores oculares más relevantes en pacientes con rechazo al trasplante fueron la vascularización corneal, el rechazo previo, la afaquia y el glaucoma entre los factores preoperatorios, y la vitrectomía anterior y la pupiloplastia entre los factores transoperatorios(AU)


Objective: describe the factors influencing the appearance of graft rejection in patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty during the first year of evolution. Methods: a retrospective descriptive study was conducted whose universe was composed of all the patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty from January 2010 to January 2014 who developed graft rejection within the first year after surgery. Determination was made of pre- and perioperative factors, time of appearance of the rejection, clinical manifestations and remission with medical treatment. Results: mean age at presentation was 57.34 years, with a predominance of the male sex and rural origin. Vascularization in recipients exhibited a higher percentage of presentation, followed by previous rejection, aphakia, glaucoma and the use of trephines > 8 mm. The perioperative factors were anterior vitrectomy and pupilloplasty. Bullous keratopathy and post-ulcer leucoma were the most common preoperative diagnoses in rejection cases. The time of appearance of rejection ranged from 7.1 to 10.9 months. The clinical manifestations were visual acuity loss and pain. Rejection remission was 87.50 percent with a preoperative diagnosis of keratoconus, 81.82 percent bullous keratopathy and 80.00 percent post-traumatic leucoma. Conclusions: the most relevant preoperative factors in patients with graft rejection were corneal vascularization, previous rejection, aphakia and glaucoma. The most relevant perioperative factors were anterior vitrectomy and pupilloplasty(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/adverse effects , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
17.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(3): 159-164, May-June 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-959083

ABSTRACT

Abstract We present a case of a 12-year-old patient with advanced keratoconus in both eyes who received a two-staged treatment in the right eye (OD) to decrease keratoconus progression rate and rehabilitate patient's vision. At the initial clinical examination, visual acuity without correction in OD was count fingers; cycloplegic refraction was -22.00 - 7,50 x 100° = 20/400; corneal topography demonstrated a curvature of 64.28 x 105° / 55.38 x 15°; and tomography (WaveLight - Allegro Oculyzer) demonstrated a curvature of 68.1 x 114° / 63.3 x 163° Q = -2.67. Initially, the patient received an intrastromal ring segment (210 mm / 200 µm) slightly off center to avoid the thinnest part of the cornea. Six months later a phakic lens was implanted in the anterior chamber. At the follow-up visit 13 months after phakic lens implantation (19 months after ring implantation), visual acuity in OD was 20/20 without correction; cycloplegic refraction was -0.50 -0.75 x 180o = 20/20; and corneal topography showed keratometry of 63.22 x 44o / 61.10 x 134o. The results demonstrated that the associated procedures were successful in decreasing irregular astigmatism and markedly improving patient's uncorrected visual acuity in OD, postponing the need for corneal transplantation to a more suitable age, if required.


Resumo Apresentamos o caso de um paciente de 12 anos de idade com ceratocone avançado em ambos os olhos, que recebeu um tratamento em dois estágios no olho direito (OD) de modo a diminuir a taxa de progressão do ceratocone e reabilitar a visão do paciente. No exame clínico inicial, a acuidade visual sem correção no OD era contar dedos; refração sob cicloplegia era -22.00 - 7,50 x 100° = 20/400; a topografia demonstrou uma curvatura de 64,28 x 105° / 55,38 x 15°; e a tomografia (WaveLight - Allegro Oculyzer) demonstrou uma curvatura de 68,1 x 114° / 63,3 x 163° Q = -2,67. Inicialmente, o paciente recebeu um segmento de anel intraestromal (210 mm /200 µm) ligeiramente fora de centro de modo a evitar a porção mais fina da córnea. Seis meses mais tarde, uma lente fácica foi implantada na câmara anterior. No acompanhamento de 13 meses após a implantação da lente fácica (19 meses após a implantação do anel), OD apresentava uma acuidade visual de 20/20 sem correção; uma refração sob cicloplegia de -0,50 -0,75 x 180o = 20/20; e a topografia da córnea demonstrou ceratometria de 63,22 x 44° / 61,10 x 134°. Os resultados demonstraram que a associação de procedimentos foi bem sucedida na diminuição do astigmatismo irregular, com uma melhora significativa da acuidade visual sem correção no OD, adiando a necessidade de transplante de córnea para uma idade mais adequada, caso necessário.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Prostheses and Implants , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Phakic Intraocular Lenses , Keratoconus/surgery , Anterior Chamber/surgery , Refraction, Ocular , Astigmatism/surgery , Visual Acuity , Biometry , Corneal Topography , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Corneal Pachymetry , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Microscopy
18.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(1): 30-33, jan.-fev. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-899109

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar dados clínicos, terapêuticos e parâmetros tomográficos dos pacientes portadores de ceratocone atendidos na Fundação Hilton Rocha. Métodos: É um estudo retrospectivo com amostra aleatória de 150 pacientes submetidos a tomografia de córnea e segmento anterior (Pentacam - Oculus, Wetzlar, Alemanha) na Fundação Hilton Rocha no ano de 2015. Os pacientes foram classificados como portadores ou suspeitos de ceratocone através dos parâmetros: paquimetria, elevação central anterior e posterior, Ambrosio Relational Thinnest (ART), valor de D e ceratometria. Após a seleção foi realizada análise dos prontuários, coletados dados clínicos e terapêuticos dos pacientes. Os dados foram colocados em tabela e analisados. Resultados: Dos pacientes classificados como portadores de ceratocone, 23% tinham 6 parâmetros alterados, e 10% foram classificados com apenas 1 parâmetro alterado. O índice ART foi o que mais se alterou (83%) nos pacientes portadores de ceratocone. Na análise dos dados clínicos e terapêuticos, 76,8% dos pacientes apresentaram acuidade visual melhor ou igual a 20/60, e 19% mencionaram apresentar atopia e, 90% dos pacientes utilizavam como tratamento apenas lentes corretoras (óculos e lente de contato). Conclusão: A utilização de índices tomográficos para o diagnóstico do ceratocone têm aumentado a sensibilidade e a especificidade na triagem de pacientes portadores desta ectasia, possibilitando o diagnóstico de maneira mais precoce e consequentemente maior sucesso terapêutico.


Abstract Objective: Analyze clinical data, therapy and tomographic parameters of patients attended at Fundação Hilton Rocha. Methods: This essay is a retrospective study based on a random sample of 150 patients submitted to cornea tomography and previous segment (Pentacam - Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) at Fundação Hilton Rocha in the year 2015. The patients were classified as carriers or suspects of keratoconus through the following parameters: pachymetry, anterior and posterior central elevation, Ambrosio Relational Thinnest (ART), value of D and keratometry. After the selection an analysis of the medical records was done, followed by harvest of clinical and therapeutical data of the patients. The data was put on table and then analyzed. Results: From the numbers of the patients diagnosed with carriers of keratoconus, 23% had 6 altered parameters, and 10% were classified with only 1 altered parameter. The ART index was the one that suffered the largest change (83%) on the keratoconus carriers. After analysis of clinical and therapeutical data, 76.8% of patients showed better or more of 20/60 degree of visual acuity, and 19% mentioned signs of atopy, 90% of the patients were using only corrective lenses as treatment (glasses and contact lenses). Conclusion: The use of tomographic indexes for the diagnosis of keratoconus has been increasing the sensibility and specificity of the triage of carriers of this ecstasy, allowing an earlier and better diagnosis of this medical condition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tomography/methods , Cornea/diagnostic imaging , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Anterior Eye Segment/diagnostic imaging , Visual Acuity , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Contact Lenses , Corneal Topography , Dilatation, Pathologic , Eyeglasses , Corneal Pachymetry , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Keratoconus/therapy
19.
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2017; 33 (5): 1101-1105
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-189757

ABSTRACT

Objective: To compare post-operative pain relieving effect of topical diclofenac 0.1 0,5% in Corneal Collagen Cross Linking [CXL] for patients diagnosed with keratoconus


Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out for six months from October 2016 to March 2017. We included young patients having keratoconus with k-readings greater than 47D and central corneal thickness more than 400 microns. All the patients received single dose one drop of topical diclofenac 0.1% to [Group-A] and ketorolac 0.5% to [Group-B] 30 minutes in advance of the corneal collagen cross linking [CXL] procedure. The CXL was performed with topical 0.1% riboflavin eye drops in 20% dextran as a photo sensitizer. After 36 hours of the CXL procedure, the postoperative intensity of pain was assessed verbally by patients with the help of visual analog scale [VAS] numbers from zero to five where 0 designated no pain 6 5 symbolized worst pain


Results: The study comprised sixty eyes of forty one patients. Out of total 16 were male while 25 female patients. The mean age of the patients was 24.27 +/- 2.93 years [range 20 to 29 years]. In the conclusive analysis, diclofenac 0.1% was used on 30 patients in Group-A and ketorolac 0.5% on 30 subjects in Group-B. Pain relieving scores in Group-A [diclofenac 0.1%] was 2.57 +/- 0.67 while in Group-B [ketorolac 0.4% treated arm] was 3.20 +/-0.61


Conclusion: Topical diclofenac 0.1% is statistically comparable to topical ketorolac 0.5% in precluding severity of pain after corneal collagen cross linkage operation


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Narcotics , Diclofenac , Pain, Postoperative , Ketorolac
20.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 79(6): 363-365, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838750

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to explore the effects of the Valsalva maneuver (VM) on ectatic corneas during anterior segment tomography scans using a Scheimpflug camera. Methods: This prospective observational study included 100 eyes of 50 patients with bilateral keratoconus (KC). Anterior segment tomography was first performed when the patients were in a resting position and immediately repeated as the participant performed VM. Scheimpflug images were taken using a Pentacam®. Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.14 ± 6.59 years. Of the 100 eyes included in the study, 7% had stage 1 KC, 47% had stage 2 KC, 32% had stage 3 KC, and 14% had stage 4 KC. The indices of KC were not significantly affected by VM. Similarly, no statistically significant differences were found between the stages of KC, or with the mean pachymetric progression index during VM. Pupil diameter showed a statistically significant increase during VM (p=0.017). There was a statistically significant decrease in the anterior chamber angle measurement during VM (p=0.001). Maximum curvature power in the front of the cornea decreased more during VM in stage 4 KC than for the other stages (p=0.014). Conclusions: No changes associated with VM were found in the KC indices or the stage of the disease. However, an increase in pupil diameter and a decrease in anterior chamber angle value were found. These changes were comparable to values obtained from previous studies performed on normal corneas.


RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo explorar os efeitos da manobra de Valsalva (VM) na córnea ectásica durante a varredura tomográfica do segmento anterior usando a câmera de Scheimpflug. Métodos: Foi conduzido estudo observacional, prospectivo envolvendo 100 olhos de 50 pacientes que apresentavam ceratocone (KC) bilateral. Tomografia do segmento anterior foi realizada inicialmente quando os pacientes estavam em posição de repouso e imediatamente depois, no curso de VM. Imagens de Scheimpflug foram feitas usando Pentacam®. Resultados: A média de idade dos participantes foi 24,14 ± 6,59 anos de idade. Dos olhos incluídos no estudo, 7% apresentava KC estágio 1,47% apresentava estágio 2,32% apresentava estágio 3, e 14% apresentava estágio 4. Índices de KC não foram significativamente afetadas pela VM. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas com o estágio do KC, e o índice médio de progressão paquimétrica durante a VM. O diâmetro da pupila (PD) mostrou aumento estatisticamente significativo durante a VM (p=0,017). Houve diminuição estatisticamente significativa na medida do ângulo da câmara anterior durante a VM (p=0,001). O poder máximo de curvatura anterior da córnea no KC estágio 4 diminuiu mais do que os outros estágios durante o VM (p=0,014). Conclusões: Não foram encontradas alterações nos índices KC e no estágio da doença por causa da VM. Verificou-se que houve aumento na PD e uma diminuição no valor do ângulo da câmara anterior. Estas alterações foram comparáveis aos valores obtidos a partir de estudos realizados em córneas normais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Photography/methods , Valsalva Maneuver/physiology , Cornea/diagnostic imaging , Corneal Topography/methods , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Anterior Chamber/diagnostic imaging , Prospective Studies , Disease Progression , Corneal Pachymetry/methods , Keratoconus/pathology , Keratoconus/diagnostic imaging
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